ExxonMobil in Ghana... The fears of Ghanaians
Adnan Adams Mohammed
Energy experts scrutiny of the petroleum agreement recently
signed by government of Ghana and ExxonMobil have indicated that there is more
to be worried about with energy company giant entrant into Ghana.
These experts have expressed deep disappointment over the
concessions – many of them apparently out rightly illegal – given the American
oil industry leader.
They express shocked, some saying it is the worse deal ever to have been signed ever among all the oil blocks awarded for exploration, development and production.
A thorough study of the entire fiscal regime of the agreement exposes that, the ExxonMobil agreement is less beneficial to Ghana than any of the previous agreements and there are dire clauses in the legal and regulatory regime of the agreement which should not have been allowed in the agreement.
They express shocked, some saying it is the worse deal ever to have been signed ever among all the oil blocks awarded for exploration, development and production.
A thorough study of the entire fiscal regime of the agreement exposes that, the ExxonMobil agreement is less beneficial to Ghana than any of the previous agreements and there are dire clauses in the legal and regulatory regime of the agreement which should not have been allowed in the agreement.
Dr. Steve Manteaw, the current chairman of Public Interest
and Accountability Committee (PIAC), a member of GHEITI and a Poilcy Analyst at
ISODEC, after analyzing the agreement concluded that, the country did not get
the best of deals.
This sharply contradicts the Energy Minister, Boakye
Agyarko’s comment during the signing ceremony that, “The deal is one of the
best based on lessons from the country’s past ten years of producing oil.”
Accoding information made available, the government simply
accepted whatever ExxonMobil offered it, there was no effort to conduct a
bidding round. However, competitive tendering yields the best results in block
allocation in the upstream petroleum sector.
Effectively this makes the agreement the biggest sole
sourcing agreement entered into by the Government of Ghana to date.
This makes the footings of ExxonMobil in Ghana worrying as
what might have pushed the Energy Minister to make such a deceptive but alluring
comment which seems to undermine his integrity and patriotism.
Yes, ExxonMobil is a giant, it is cheaply for the company to
buy the whole Ghana base on their financial position, so for it to buy its way
out of complying with industry laws and regulation and other laws of the
country from a hand full of individuals is as cheap as sandy soil. As at 2017,
the parent company’s total assets was estimated at US$348.7 billion and
employees 69,600 in all its operations.
The reasons why the energy experts are disappointed with the
deal Ghana signed with ExxonMobil are that; The ENI agreement which was signed
ahead of ExxonMobil had Carried and Participating Interest totaling 20% while
ExxonMobil which is said to be the best, has 18% Carried and Participating Interest.
Also, Springfield Ghana, which is a sole Ghanaian company, offered Ghana a better deal than that of ExxonMobil with regards to the fiscal regime. In terms of royalty, Springfield offered Ghana 12.5 percent as against 10 percent by ExxonMobil.
ExxonMobil is allowed capital allowance of 10 years as against 5 years allowed for all the previous agreements signed.
It makes sense to excuse the Jubilee partners and TEN partners for their deal which were negotiated with not much confidence and for that matter, Ghana needed to be flexible in order to attract them to help Ghana prove that we have oil in commercial quantities offshore and onshore Ghana, although seismic data was available showing likelihood of Ghana having oil in commercial in quantities, but there were still doubt.
Meanwhile, according experts, the block awarded to ExxonMobil is a low risk one due to the fact that, several companies had done preliminary tests on it and had proof of the existence of oil in commercial quantities. Most of those companies were ready to put in offer for the block, but it is amazing the government could disregard the Petroleum Exploration & Production law on competitive bidding process for award of oil blocks and rather allow the Minister of Energy to use his ‘discretionary’ powers to hand pick the company he likes.
Also, Springfield Ghana, which is a sole Ghanaian company, offered Ghana a better deal than that of ExxonMobil with regards to the fiscal regime. In terms of royalty, Springfield offered Ghana 12.5 percent as against 10 percent by ExxonMobil.
ExxonMobil is allowed capital allowance of 10 years as against 5 years allowed for all the previous agreements signed.
It makes sense to excuse the Jubilee partners and TEN partners for their deal which were negotiated with not much confidence and for that matter, Ghana needed to be flexible in order to attract them to help Ghana prove that we have oil in commercial quantities offshore and onshore Ghana, although seismic data was available showing likelihood of Ghana having oil in commercial in quantities, but there were still doubt.
Meanwhile, according experts, the block awarded to ExxonMobil is a low risk one due to the fact that, several companies had done preliminary tests on it and had proof of the existence of oil in commercial quantities. Most of those companies were ready to put in offer for the block, but it is amazing the government could disregard the Petroleum Exploration & Production law on competitive bidding process for award of oil blocks and rather allow the Minister of Energy to use his ‘discretionary’ powers to hand pick the company he likes.
Moreover, a detailed research about the past history of the
company, post a negative corporate influence on political governance, national
development and environmental governance in countries it has operated. This
puts Ghana’s environmental wellness at high risk.
ExxonMobil has been criticized for its slow response to
cleanup efforts after the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill in Alaska, widely
considered to be one of the world's worst oil spills in terms of damage to the
environment. ExxonMobil has a history of lobbying for climate change denial and
against the scientific consensus that global warming is caused by the burning
of fossil fuels. The company has also been accused of improperly dealing with human
rights issues, influence on American foreign policy, and its impact on the
future of nations.
With such a powerful entity entering into a country where it
is very easy to buy ‘a seat to sit close to the President of the republic’, one
could imagine how bleak the future looks for the country.
Already, information gathered reveals that, Exxon Mobil is
to be investigated by the new Liberian government for 'Fraudulent' Acquisition
of Oil Block 13.
President George Manneh Weah has mandated Justice Minister Frank Musa Dean to investigate recent Global Witness report linking some ex-officials of government to an alleged bribery scheme that led to the awarding of Oil Block 13 to Exxon Mobil.
President George Manneh Weah has mandated Justice Minister Frank Musa Dean to investigate recent Global Witness report linking some ex-officials of government to an alleged bribery scheme that led to the awarding of Oil Block 13 to Exxon Mobil.
The investigation comes at the heels of a general concession
review, including concessions in the oil sector.
It can be recalled that similar investigation and prosecution were commissioned by former President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf when Global Witness uncovered how some ex and current officials (at the time) were involved in conflict of interest and solicitation of bribes to effect changes in public procurement concessions laws, mainly affecting the mining sector, to create free ride for the awarding of Wologozi concession to Sable Mining Limited.
Current Justice Minister Dean served as lawyer for Senator
Varney Sherman who was heavily indicted in the alleged bribery scandal.
In its report, Global Witness urged the Liberian government
to investigate Exxon’s US$120 million oil deal and ensure independence of the
Liberia Industries Transparency Initiative.
Those likely to be investigated by the Justices Minister
include former NOCAL CEO Randolph McClain, former National Investment
Commission Chairman Natty Davis, former Finance Minister Amara Konneh, former
Lands and Mines Minister Patrick Sendolo, former NOCAL Board Chair, Robert A.
Sirleaf and former Justice Minister Christiana Tah.
According to the report, these ex-officials received
US$35,000 to sign off on Block 13 to Exxon Mobil.
Block 13 was originally awarded by NOCAL in 2005 to
Liberian-Anglo Company Broadway Consolidated/Peppercoast (BCP). In 2007, the
block was ratified by the Liberian legislature through bribery.
But Global Witness’ evidence shows that the company was
likely part-owned by former Mining Minister Jonathan Mason and former Deputy
Minister Mulbah Willie.
Mason and Willie are suspected of granting the oil block to
a company in which they held interests while they were also ministers in 2005,
which was illegal under Liberian law.
Exxon knew that Block 13 was originally awarded through
bribery and that its purchase of the oil block could enrich former officials
who might have been behind BCP.
In a PowerPoint presentation obtained by Global Witness,
Exxon wrote that it was interested in purchasing the oil block despite its
“concern over issues regarding US anti-corruption laws.”
Undeterred by the corruption red flags, Exxon went ahead
with the deal anyway. Global Witness’ evidence shows that it structured the
transaction in a way to skirt US anti-corruption laws by using a Canadian
company – Canadian Overseas Petroleum Limited (COPL) – as a go-between to buy
the block.
“It’s appalling that an oil giant like Exxon would buy up an
oil block they knew was tainted by corruption,” said Jonathan Gant, Senior
Campaigner at Global Witness.
“This kind of morally dubious corporate behavior is
particularly shocking in a country like Liberia where endemic corruption
continues to rob people of opportunities.”
There is also evidence that Adolph Lawrence, who became a
Representative in 2012, held a BCP ownership interest in 2011.
If Lawrence continued to hold this interest when Exxon
bought 2013, he also would have broken the law and may have received part of
the money Exxon paid BCP.
Exxon has not responded to Global Witness’ request for
comment. COPL has, saying its due diligence showed that there were no legal
problems with the deal, that Mason did not hold shares in BCP, shareholders
certified they held no interest for others, and that it received legal advice
on its anti-corruption and anti-money laundering.
There is no further doubts that, ExxonMobil’s presence in Ghana
could be a major threat to fight against corruption, fronting and flouting
industry laws and regulations.
Exxon Mobil Corporation is an American multinational oil and
gas corporation headquartered in Irving, Texas. It is the largest direct
descendant of John D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil Company, and was formed on
November 30, 1999 by the merger of Exxon (formerly the Standard Oil Company of
New Jersey) and Mobil (formerly the Standard Oil Company of New York).
As at 2017, the parent company’s revenue was US$237.1
billion, operating income was US$12.07 billion, and net income was US$19.71
billion. Total assets was estimated at US$348.7 billion. The company employees
69,600 in all its operations.
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